Microarray uses ultrasound, to fabricate highly reproducible microelectrode arrays - typically upon screen printed substrates. Devices fabricated in this way are extremely inexpensive and may be produced in numbers of many millions per day to satisfy high volume markets.

 

Screen printed electrodes are first coated  with a thin insulating polymer. Ultrasound ablation is then used cavitate tiny holes in the polymer to expose individual areas of the underlying conductor.

 

Individually each of these exposed areas acts as a micro-electrode and collectively as a microelectrode array.

 

Microelectrodes allow electrochemical sensors to be used in applications where fluid motion or flow currently prevents the use of electrochemical measurement methodologies. Micro-electrodes also offer greatly enhanced lower limits of detection for trace analysis applications.

 

The ultra-sonic fabrication of micro-electrode arrays is described in greater detail in the paper: 

Sonochemically fabricated microelectrode arrays for biosensors offering widespread applicability.